Sleep disorders include issues with the quality, timing, duration and amount of sleep which results in daytime drowsiness,affects the overall performance
Types of sleep disorders
Some of the major types include:
- Insomnia – not being able to fall asleep and/ or stay asleep. This is the most common sleep disorder.
- Sleep apnea - a breathing disorder wherein you stop breathing for 10 seconds or more during sleep.
- Restless leg syndrome - Tingling or a wierd sensation in your legs, alongside a strong urge to move them at rest ( while sitting or sleeping or standing still).
- Hypersomnia – Excessive sleepiness/ not being able to remain awake during the day.This includes narcolepsy, which leads to extreme daytime sleepiness.
- Circadian rhythm disorders Issues with the sleep-wake cycle. They make you incapable to sleep and wake at the right times.
- Parasomnia – People acting in unusual ways while falling asleep or in the middle of the sleep or while waking up from sleep, like walking, talking or eating.
What causes sleep disorders?
- Physical (like ulcers).
- Medical (like asthma).
- Psychiatric (like depression and anxiety issues).
- Environmental(like caffeine or alcohol).
- Working in night shifts
- Genetics (narcolepsy is hereditary).
- Medications (which cause excessive sleep or disrupt sleep).
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How sleep disorders affect your brain?
Brain fog
Our brains require sleep to function at full capacity. Absence of sleep can lead to brain fog, which frequently feels like confusion or difficulty in concentrating. You might find it more difficult to recall specific memories or find the right words for what you need to say when you didn't get sufficient sleep the night before. You will likely find it hard to be productive — the idea of specific tasks can be overewhleming when your brain hasn't had a full night's rest.
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Mood changes
Not getting sufficient sleep might cause mood changes, including anxiety and depression. Research finds that absence of sleep can prompt increased levels of anger and aggression. This is on the grounds that when a person is sleep-deprived, the brain can't suppress the reactivity of amygdala(control centre for emotions in brain) which implies that brain can't work normally.
Behaviour Changes
Along with mood changes, unusual ways of behaviour may be noticed. Lack of sleep can prompt increased impulsivity, hyperactivity and emotional outbursts. We may even notice that we struggle to interact with people when we're sleep-deprived.
Stress
Poor quality of sleep can make it more difficult to adapt to even minor stress. Daily hassles can transform into significant sources of frustration. You could find yourself beccoming imcompetent in daily activities.
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